Employment Interviewing1 u# A- B! Y% c
Seizing the Opportunity and the Job1 ?* M! C& p3 x, _- w
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/ }: p1 _' q: {1 ]. o* L& XInterviewing is the most stressful part of the job search for many
; T7 K0 }$ S' D" B7 r' f! ^people. But it doesn't have to be. Interviews are an opportunity to show% |. z: c' w& D
you are an enthusiastic worker who would do a job well.
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; g: d5 R( a( \% i) c2 L$ pYou can make the most of that opportunity by being prepared, presenting
1 h4 s$ A; v7 Fa professional demeanor, and describing your qualifications well.
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. n4 c' L2 {& o7 U H5 nThere are many types of interviews: screening interviews, designed to
& X- k/ }9 @$ ^4 lwhittle the applicant pool; longer second and third interviews, intended; V. \+ h" z r* ?* e- |
to help employers make final selections; and telephone and video i4 v' {& x. X: K; l
conferencing interviews, arranged to capitalize on available technology.& N2 x; K: F) @9 w* Y
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Although these interviews often have different purposes, they all1 C4 }3 r% M; g: s) i( k. T
require basic interviewing skills. Read on for advice about what to do: t+ J; ^* V+ r! k
before, during, and after a job interview. The sidebar on page 17
" W, `( }9 J, ~discusses ways to enlist good references, and the special feature on
8 j$ b8 W. K$ n2 E o1 {# C- r" F9 \, xpage 19 offers tips about job fairs.1 t5 l- Z o) V4 t, P% S
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Preparation
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Career counselors say a good job interview starts well before the+ ^3 K, n# T! b% y+ y) c
jobseeker and interviewer meet. Preparation can be as important as the
8 L ]6 u9 t# U/ Binterview itself. Researching, practicing, and dressing appropriately1 @1 m' U$ s) T( |' w$ x& W4 \
are the first steps to making the most of a job interview.
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( y% y2 P G2 B: s: V' BResearch. One of the best, but most fre-quently overlooked, ways to m$ ?# i6 E/ {- y5 p$ D
demonstrate enthusiasm for a job is to research both the company and the( a3 @/ W5 e2 l7 H* C$ U; j
position for which you are being interviewed. Employers say they are
2 \# [5 r) q/ \3 C$ N. ?# ]3 vimpressed by well-informed jobseekers.
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4 G* Z2 Q; d2 ^. rBefore arriving for an interview, you should know what the company does,4 m X% L' n+ A9 _" I
how large it is, any recent changes it has undergone, and what role you# S9 r7 ~, |8 n/ n* \9 M
could play in its organization. Try to learn about the company's goals
" U1 Y/ F! k" F# z! x) jand values. With these facts, you can show how your qualifica-tions. R5 A$ p/ S/ Y& f
match the company's needs.
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The company itself is often the easiest place to start your search. Many3 U! p* p- |# K! J& n# J" d. w
businesses fill their websites with information tailored to jobseekers.
0 ?7 n& r: V& L2 x( f# Y0 jThese sites often include a history of the company and a description of
+ k: L' L* s3 u5 @' Xits products and customers. And many companies' human resources2 W6 P( v' y0 Y+ G6 n* l r/ T6 S
departments will send recruiting information if you request it.
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2 L3 V6 E6 a9 B% g( v0 @Public libraries and career centers also have valuable information about
) N$ S& _2 W; a [3 [$ yemployers, including companies' annual reports to shareholders, reports
& m S* s- t+ {% J rkept by local chambers of commerce, trade journals, and business4 d4 m- m! E4 K! T" d6 E2 d6 I3 y& ]% n
indexes, such as Hoover's Business Index and Dun and Bradstreet.+ s/ l( P$ C0 X* ?* }
G, s% G# i* Q% jPractice describing yourself. Another important step in preparing for a
3 d, E( S' z$ ^job interview is to practice describing your professional
0 |( ]. ]" m: M' w! c2 _1 lcharacteristics. Think of examples from past jobs, schoolwork, and
0 P9 C4 o! s! r3 I* Oactivities to illustrate important skills. Recalling accomplishments- A7 e0 E7 H! {! }/ }; p
beforehand, when you don't have to respond under interview pressure,5 U3 E! k3 [( o/ d. e, r5 t9 X
will strengthen your answers during the actual event.3 \8 n: ` Y% p
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Every interview will be different, and there may always be surprising8 Q: c6 N2 G' [
questions. Nevertheless, interviewers suggest rehearsing with a career
6 L3 A7 A* _5 R8 Lcounselor or friend to gain confidence and poise. As a starting point,
# t; U' j3 b: y/ j/ |# stry to respond aloud to the following:
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* How would you describe yourself?
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2 V' V+ z2 p7 X8 \# }* What did you like most about your last job?
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* What types of courses do you enjoy most?* l0 @2 X% v- K. B+ n. s8 l
9 F) x7 H" b! J( S- k* Why should I select you over other applicants?
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" I& w: O& e% d% R( a5 q4 O* What are your greatest strengths and weaknesses?
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0 w; F# u( ]$ |& Z* What are your hobbies?/ Z9 [2 v d- _) B' ]; D. D
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* Tell me more about the project you described on your resume.
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! L8 e6 P6 g3 y+ n( }* Describe a work or school-related problem and how you solved it.
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+ C1 d. g9 i5 d8 J* Tell me about a time you worked as part of a team./ a* l- s) @2 }2 Z
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* What are your short-term goals?3 u" W, M8 W" [ ?' i: j; F
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* Why do you want to work in this occupation and for this company?
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Each question gives you an opportunity to illustrate your favorable, B: I8 N$ x" F' c8 s* @" S1 _
characteristics. When responding, focus on subjects related to the job.* Y) n8 l) u+ j8 I
For example, if asked to describe yourself, talk about your professional4 G4 G3 X. R8 B" ^
characteristics and background, not your personal life.; `# Y4 h. _2 f; L+ X: w0 V- f1 V" B
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Some questions -- such as those about hobbies or interests -- may seem+ i5 H- m2 _: B( K* L: N* l* L
irrelevant. Interviewers ask these types of questions to learn about5 G7 J# ^( E) c' {: S9 |
your personality and test your interpersonal skills. In addition,8 g8 T( |/ f( a& b, i' t
answering questions about your hobbies or interests allows you to8 j* x4 H. S& h" o3 u
highlight some of your other strengths. Participating in a sport might
@& J! C; \" m4 K8 Y+ mdemonstrate teamwork; ability in a craft, such as needlepoint, shows an
: y1 z6 [; K+ y, B2 a7 E jattention to detail.
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Career centers and libraries have many books with additional questions
! J' U& I; K( o, S# Aand possible answers. The goal is not to memorize responses to these
& O- j7 q9 R4 m5 X: ?9 ~questions but to become comfortable speaking about yourself, your) c7 N. H2 [' L6 e+ H2 Z6 e
training and experience, and your career goals. Responding to interview
" s# v3 v* ]- {! s9 dquestions should not sound as if you are reciting a script.
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$ E: D, Y/ S+ k8 `Whatever the question, be ready to accentuate the positive. The
8 R$ O! X2 A! x! w+ |5 Rinterviewer might ask for a weakness or failure; choose one that does; M) D. r. q2 k
not affect your ability to do the job, or describe a shortcoming you are
" V/ v2 }, Z) s* R- H1 `+ F! X: Fworking to overcome. For example, if interviewing for an entry-level" \- \& u& z8 _+ S
job, cite your lack of paid experience. If there are weaknesses evident1 J# W- I4 }1 W, r8 t& \
on your resume; or transcript, such as being fired from a job or4 s7 `' j- K/ t5 ?! `2 y
receiving poor grades, rehearse an explanation before the interview in& K# u h& J* L2 M
case you are asked about them. Focus on what you learned from the- j+ n$ @0 ?7 d4 m' Y7 W
experience, being careful never to criticize a previous employer or
* y# w3 ]" w$ j7 O! lcoworker.
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Dress professionally. Securing a job is much easier if you look the9 Z& ?- @$ R' e+ m0 ^1 Y
part. A useful guideline is to dress as you would for an important day
: \- u8 A! D8 ~ Hon the job, like a meeting with a supervisor or a presentation to a+ P0 T' i8 F: U* Q
client.
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. ^8 O$ E( B' f8 v L, eClothes should be clean, well fitting, and wrinkle free. Most employers9 G7 v% G& B$ _) N- j$ I
expect jobseekers to wear a traditional two-piece suit, preferably in a
- k5 U2 w8 H8 r: y" oconservative color such as navy blue, gray, or black. The object is to! W3 V" m4 Z6 [) L
look reliable, not trendy. Many employers say that women's skins should2 D% C' d! K$ F8 i
be knee-length or below. Polished, closed-toe shoes complete the4 }& L4 f8 R$ E+ h @4 I ^; B
professional image.
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$ w1 g) ~& K: w. W a8 V( M* WAvoid last-minute clothing disasters by trying on your suit a few days
0 ]) w* s+ f* U# ^$ Gbefore the interview. And plan for the unexpected: if you will wear a
}7 L2 U# a6 g! M, j2 z# Sskirt, buy an extra pair of stockings; if you have shoes that tie, get
7 r. | h \5 Omore shoelaces. Bring such extras along with you the day of the" L& K4 n' K& H7 F! p- J% K
interview.1 y7 Z9 ~) H4 G$ _$ g1 |( }
# d( T$ C1 ?# s' N8 a9 ~( }) wKeep hair neat by tying it back, putting it up, or cutting it short.
# A$ _3 o7 ~ f: u. L- K4 n( iAvoid cologne and perfume, large pieces of jewelry, and heavy or
F( S. M, ?9 n# Y+ @. H. Q# Vunnatural makeup. These distract the interviewer from your
2 t* ]6 } v# {% vqualifications.
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to be continued……………………………………………… |